How are cyberattacks generally classified?

Cyberattacks are generally classified as inevitable due to the continuous evolution and sophistication of threats in the digital landscape. The nature of technology and the internet creates an environment where vulnerabilities can be exploited by malicious actors. As technology advances, new types of cyber threats emerge, making it impossible to completely eliminate the risk of a cyberattack. Organizations must accept this inevitability and therefore focus on risk management practices such as developing robust cybersecurity measures, contingency plans, and incident response strategies to mitigate potential impacts when attacks do occur.

While addressing the other choices, the concept of cyberattacks being "preventable" suggests an unrealistic expectation that all risks could be eliminated completely, which isn't feasible given the complexities of cybersecurity. The reference to original COSO pronouncements focuses on broader aspects of risk management and governance rather than specific classifications of cyber threats. Describing cyberattacks as "assumable" does not capture the urgent need for organizations to actively prepare for, rather than merely assume, potential cyber threats.